Hepatitis c is an infection that affects the liver. The hepatitis c virus (HCV) spreads through contact with an infected person’s blood. It can cause an acute or chronic infection. People with hepatitis C often have no symptoms, and most do not know they have the infection. It can lead to serious health problems, including liver disease and cirrhosis. Hepatitis C can also be fatal. Medicines can cure hepatitis C.
Hep C is the most common reason for a liver transplant in the US. Most cases of hepatitis C are chronic, meaning the infection has been present for 6 months or more. Symptoms of chronic hepatitis C may include tiredness, joint pain, or a general feeling of being unwell. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to liver failure and cirrhosis, which can result in a liver transplant or death.
More than 2 million people in the United States have chronic hepatitis C. It is estimated that 90% of those living with hepatitis C do not know they are infected. Hepatitis C can be spread through contaminated needles used to inject drugs or by sharing equipment for drug injection, such as spoons, filters and pipes. People who use drugs are more likely to get hepatitis C. Hepatitis C is also transmitted during sex without using a condom.
Scientists have made great strides in understanding hepatitis c, identifying the virus and developing ways to prevent it. Screening tests for hepatitis C were developed, as was a way to test for the presence of the virus in blood supplies. Identifying the virus’s molecular structure and genetic makeup allowed scientists to develop specific treatments. In combination with other prevention and treatment efforts, these advances have dramatically reduced new infections.
The number of hep C-related deaths is decreasing, but the problem persists. It is still not being addressed with the urgency needed. Hep C is a major health burden in Massachusetts, particularly among Hispanic/Latinx and African American individuals, and the infection is not being identified and treated enough in primary care settings. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits of screening for hepatitis C with your doctor.
In the UK, it is estimated that up to half of people who inject drugs are infected with hepatitis C. Those who are infected with hepatitis c are at increased risk of experiencing mental health issues, including depression. There are medicines that can cure hepatitis C, and they are available to everyone who needs them.
Getting hep C cured removes the virus from the body and reduces inflammation, which can help prevent cirrhosis and liver cancer. It is important that all Australians have access to these medicines.